Hypothyroidism is characterized by insufficient production of thyroid hormones by the thyroid gland. This condition is often linked to lifestyle and dietary factors and can have significant impacts on cardiovascular function, body temperature regulation, and metabolic processes. It is particularly prevalent among the elderly. In addition to general symptoms such as fatigue and weakness, hypothyroidism can cause distinct changes in facial appearance. Key manifestations include:
Facial Swelling
Hypothyroidism may lead to edema in the facial region. Thyroid hormones play a crucial role in maintaining skin and hair health. Deficiencies in these hormones can result in the accumulation of glycosaminoglycans, contributing to facial swelling.
Excessive Dry Skin
Patients with hypothyroidism often experience excessively dry skin. In some cases, this may progress to noticeable skin peeling.
Hair Loss
Hair loss is a common symptom of hypothyroidism, affecting not only the scalp but also the eyebrows and eyelashes.
Periorbital Acne
The appearance of acne around the eyes is another potential indicator of hypothyroidism, often accompanied by localized swelling.
Voice Changes
An imbalance in thyroid hormones can result in changes to the voice, making it sound deeper and more resonant over time. Additionally, changes in facial features such as a widened nose and enlarged eyes may occur due to reduced thyroid function.
These manifestations underscore the importance of thyroid hormone balance in maintaining overall health and aesthetic appearance.