Rising geopolitical tensions in South Asia have coincided with China’s growing strategic footprint in the Indian Ocean, raising security concerns for India and the broader region. Under the guise of scientific research, Beijing has been deploying sophisticated surveillance vessels to monitor maritime activity. The recent movement of the Chinese research ship Shi Yan 6 through the Sunda Strait toward the Maldives has further intensified apprehensions.
According to experts, nearly 8 to 10 Chinese vessels are currently active across the Indian Ocean, including Da Yang Hao and Da Yang Yi Hao, operating from the African coast to the Arabian Sea. While officially engaged in oceanographic studies, these ships are suspected of conducting detailed seabed mapping. Such activities are believed to focus on identifying underwater terrain, blind zones, and navigation corridors.
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Strategic analysts warn that the data collected through these missions could significantly enhance China’s submarine warfare capabilities. By gaining a comprehensive understanding of the ocean floor, Beijing aims to secure a tactical advantage in potential underwater conflicts. After facing international scrutiny over its use of Sri Lanka’s Hambantota Port, China is now increasingly shifting its operational focus toward the Maldives.
India, meanwhile, remains on high alert, with the Indian Navy closely tracking Chinese movements in the region. Despite China having a significantly larger fleet of research vessels, India is working to bridge the gap through initiatives such as the Matsya 6000 deep-sea mission. Capable of reaching depths of up to 6,000 meters with a three-member crew, the project is expected to bolster India’s scientific and strategic capabilities, as New Delhi strengthens its maritime preparedness in response to emerging challenges.